Love Conquers All :: essays research papers

Virgil stated, â€Å"Love vanquishes all things, let us also give up to love†. The vast majority have encountered the mind-boggling sentiment of affection, accordingly understanding that at long last, nothing will hold its up. Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, Yzierska’s Bread Givers, and Hurston’s Their Eyes were Watching God, and quarters life show that adoration really vanquishes all deterrents. In The Scarlet Letter, love vanquishes the weights of society, while in The Great Gatsby, love conquers the trial of time. In Bread Givers, love triumphs over significant contrasts brought about by a wide age hole and in Their Eyes were Watching God, love overwhelms the powers of nature and illness.      In The Scarlet Letter, Hester’s love for Mr. Dimmesdale defeats society’s weight and shields her from implicating him as her darling. At the point when the individuals require her to â€Å"‘Speak; and give your kid a father!’† (Hawthorne, 74) she despite everything will not give the name of the dad of her kid. â€Å"‘I won't speak!’ addressed Hester, turning pale as death†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœAnd my youngster must look for a brilliant dad; she will never know a natural one!’† (Hawthorne, 74). The intensity of Hester’s love invigorates her the to limit herself in any event, when the group implores her to support her youngster, if not herself. In any event, when Dimmesdale, her sweetheart, begs her to talk the name of her darling, she doesn't. â€Å"‘If thou feelest it to be for thy soul’s peace†¦I charge thee to stand up the name of thy individual heathen and individual sufferer!’† (Hawthorne, 73). Hester’s love for Mr. Dimmesdale is ground-breaking to such an extent that even his interests can't influence her in her assurance. Hester’s love was relentless to the point that it persevered over all obstructions.      In The Great Gatsby, Gatsby’s love for Daisy permits him to defeat time, to discover her and resume a relationship after school and five years away in the military. Since Gatsby adores Daisy so emphatically, and accepts that she cherishes him also, â€Å"He needed nothing less of Daisy than that she ought to go to Tom and state: ‘I never adored you.’†¦after she was free, they were to return to Louisville and be hitched from her home - similarly as though it were five years ago†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Fitzgerald, 116). Gatsby needs to â€Å"‘fix everything simply the manner in which it was before† (Fitzgerald, 117). Gatsby cherishes Daisy so much that time makes no difference to him: he believes that their relationship has continued right where it had left off five years prior.

Teamwork Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cooperation - Coursework Example Protection from the methodology might be because of the battle over control of the administration of the gathering, which might be because of disparate sentiments or testing the choices made by the group chief (Cragan 78). Another purpose behind obstruction might be because of antagonistic initiative where the group head either might be bigot, chauvinist or practices different biased practices. Opposition as an offer to control the group as far as thoughts might be managed by conceptualizing of sentiments shared by the cooperative people and pleasing everyone’s supposition. Antagonistic initiative can be constrained by activity from all the cooperative people rather than the challenger and the group head holding a private exchange. Specialists see groups as means, not an end in that they see the group as a method of accomplishing the vision of the association. An end is depicted as the objective of the association where the groups made are esteemed as a method of accomplishing the vision and not simply the vision. Organizations that attention on making groups instead of accomplishing its objectives will undoubtedly fall if the methodology isn't investigated (Means 56). An organization should concentrate on a definitive point of accomplishing its objectives, which might be accomplished by development of groups among different techniques (Rothstein 100). It is significant that colleagues break down their group job at their work place, their commitment and whether they are alright with their particular position. The jobs of cooperative people might be arranged into task jobs, supporting jobs and broken jobs. One can improve as a colleague by understanding their obligation and understanding that the choices that they make influence the general execution of the group. The idea of self-administration of representatives is exceptionally effective in associations where the dynamic by workers is grasped (Cheltenham 60). Self-guided gatherings are held

Monocular Cues for Depth Perception

Monocular Cues for Depth Perception Theories Cognitive Psychology Print Monocular Cues for Depth Perception By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 27, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 13, 2019 Angela Lumsden / Moment Open / Getty Images More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology One way that we perceive depth in the world around us is through the use of what are known as monocular cues. These are clues that can be used for depth perception that involves using only one eye. If you try closing one eye, it might be more difficult to judge depth, but youre still able to detect how near or far objects are in relation to your position. Depth perception allows us to perceive the world around us in three dimensions and to gauge the distance of objects from ourselves and from other objects. You can contrast monocular cues with binocular cues, which are those that require the use of both eyes. These are some of the common monocular cues that we use to help perceive depth. Relative Size The relative size of an object serves as an important monocular cue for depth perception. It works like this: If two objects are roughly the same size, the object that looks the largest will be judged as being the closest to the observer. This applies to both three-dimensional scenes as well as two-dimensional images. Two objects on a piece of paper are the same distance away, yet size difference can make the larger object appear closer and the smaller object appear farther away. Absolute Size and Familiar Size Absolute size, or the actual size of an object, also contributes to the perception of depth. Smaller objects, even if we dont know exactly how big they are, will look farther away than a large object placed in the same spot. Our familiarity with an object affects our perceptions of size and distance. While driving, your familiarity with the typical size of a car helps you determine how close or far away other vehicles on the road are from your location. Elevation An object position in relation to the horizon can also serve as a type of monocular cue. Objects located closer to the horizon tend to be perceived as farther away, while those that are farther from the horizon are usually seen as being closer. Texture Gradient Another essential monocular cue is the use of texture to gauge depth and distance. When youre looking at an object that extends into the distance, such as a grassy field, the texture becomes less and less apparent the farther it goes into the distance. As you look out over a scene, the objects in the foreground have a much more apparent texture. The asphalt of the road looks rough and bumpy. The vegetation in the field looks distinctive, and you can easily distinguish one plant from another. As the scene recedes into the distance, these texture cues become less and less apparent. You cannot detect every single tree on the mountain in the distance. Instead, the vegetation covering the mountains simply looks like an indistinct patch of green color. These texture differences serve as important monocular cues for gauging the depth of objects that are both near and far. Motion Parallax The perception of moving objects can also serve as a monocular cue for depth. As youre moving, objects that are closer seem to zoom by faster than do objects in the distance. When youre riding in a car, for example, the nearby telephone poles rush by much faster than the trees in the distance. This visual clue allows you to perceive the fast moving objects in the foreground as closer than the slower moving objects off in the distance. Aerial Perspective Objects that are farther away seem to be blurred or slightly hazy due to the atmosphere. As you look off into the horizon, closer objects seem more distinct while those in the distance might be obscured by dust, fog, or water vapor. Because objects in the distance tend to appear hazier, this cue tells us that blurry objects tend to be further away. Linear Perspective Parallel lines appear to meet as they travel into the distance. For example, the outer edges of a road seem to grow closer and closer until they appear to meet. The closer together the two lines are, the greater the distance will seem. Overlap (or Interposition) When one object overlaps another, the object that is partially obscured is perceived as being farther away. For example, if you see two figures standing in the distance and one figure overlaps and occludes the other one, you will perceive the occluded figure as being behind the non-occluded one. This allows you to judge how objects are placed in relation to one another and contributes to your experience of depth in the world around you. Shading and Lighting The way light falls on objects and the amount of shading present can also be an important monocular cue. Objects that are darkened and obscured may appear further off in the distance than those that are brightly lit. Accommodation In order to focus on close-up objects, certain muscles in your eye contract, altering the shape of your lens. When looking at objects that are far away, these same muscles relax. This accommodation can serve as a monocular cue, even though we are often unaware of it. How Monocular Cues Are Used When perceiving the world around us, many of these monocular cues work together to contribute to our experience of depth. The corner of a building looks larger and more textured, causing it to seem closer. Objects further down the street appear smaller, so we judge them as being farther away. The parallel lines of the highway appear progressively closer as they disappear in the distance, and the mountains in the distance seem fuzzy and indistinct. All of these monocular cues contribute to our total experience of the scene, our perception of depth and distance, and our interpretation of our position in relation to other objects in the scene. A Word From Verywell Monocular cues can play an important role in the detection of depth in the world around us. Unlike binocular cues, which involve the use of both eyes, monocular cues only require the use of one eye and can be presented in two dimensions. Because of this, many of these cues are used in art to create the illusion of depth in a two-dimensional space.

Cyrus Field Promoter of the Atlantic Telegraph Cable

Cyrus Field was a wealthy merchant and investor who masterminded the  creation of the  transatlantic telegraph cable in the mid-1800s. Thanks to Fields persistence, news which had taken weeks to travel by ship from Europe to America could be transmitted within minutes. The laying of the cable across the Atlantic Ocean was an extremely difficult endeavor, and it was fraught with drama. The first attempt, in 1858, was celebrated exuberantly by the public when messages began to cross the ocean. And then, in a crushing disappointment, the cable went dead. A second attempt, which was delayed by financial problems and the outbreak of the Civil War, was not successful until 1866. But the second cable worked, and kept working, and the world got used to news traveling quickly across the Atlantic. Hailed as a hero, Field became wealthy from the operation of the cable. But his ventures into the stock market, coupled with an extravagant lifestyle, led him into financial problems. The later years of Fields life were known to be troubled. He was forced to sell most of his country estate. And when he died in 1892, family members interviewed by the New York Times took pains to say that rumors that he had become insane in the years before his death were untrue. Early Life Cyrus Field was born the son of a minister on November 30, 1819. He was educated to the age of 15, when he began working. With the help of an older brother, David Dudley Field, who was working as a lawyer in New York City, he obtained a clerkship in the retail store of A.T. Stewart, a famous New York merchant who essentially invented the department store. During three years of working for Stewart, Field tried to learn everything he could about business practices. He left Stewart and took a job as a salesman for a paper company in New England. The paper company failed and Field wound up in debt, a situation he vowed to overcome. Field went into business for himself as a way of paying off his debts, and he became very successful throughout the 1840s. On January 1, 1853, he retired from business, while still a young man. He bought a house on Gramercy Park in New York City, and seemed intent on living a life of recreation. After a trip to South America he returned to New York and happened to be introduced to Frederick Gisborne, who was trying to connect a telegraph line from New York City to St. Johns, Newfoundland. As St. Johns was the easternmost point of North America, a telegraph station there could receive the earliest news carried aboard ships from England, which could then be telegraphed to New York. Gisbornes plan would reduce the time it took for news to pass between London and New York to six days, which was considered very fast in the early 1850s. But Field began to wonder if a cable could be stretched across the vastness of the ocean and eliminate the need for ships to carry important news. The great obstacle  of establishing a telegraph connection with St. Johns was that Newfoundland is an island, and an underwater cable would  be required to  connect it to the mainland. Envisioning the Transatlantic Cable Field later recalled thinking about how that could be accomplished while looking at a globe he kept in his study. He began to think it would make sense to also place another cable, heading eastward from St. Johns, all the way to the west coast of Ireland. As he wasnt a scientist himself, he sought advice from two prominent figures, Samuel Morse, the inventor of the telegraph, and Lieutenant Matthew Maury of the U.S. Navy, who had recently conducted research mapping the depths of the Atlantic Ocean. Both men took Fields questions seriously, and they answered in the affirmative: It was scientifically possible to reach across the Atlantic Ocean with an undersea telegraph cable.   The First Cable The next step was to create a business to undertake the project. And the first person Field contacted was Peter Cooper, the industrialist and inventor who happened to be his neighbor on Gramercy Park. Cooper was skeptical at first, but became convinced the cable might work. With Peter Coopers endorsement, other stockholders were enlisted and more than $1 million was raised. The newly formed company, with the title of the New York, Newfoundland, and London Telegraph Company, bought out Gisbornes Canadian charter, and began work on placing an underwater cable from the Canadian mainland to St. Johns. For several years Field had to overcome any number of obstacles, which ranged from technical to financial to governmental. He eventually was able to get the governments of the United States and Britain to cooperate and assign ships to help lay the proposed transatlantic cable. The first cable to cross the Atlantic Ocean became operational in the summer of 1858. Enormous celebrations of the event were held, but the cable stopped operating after only a few weeks. The problem seemed to be electrical, and Field resolved to try again with a more reliable system in place. The Second Cable The Civil War interrupted Fields plans, but in 1865 an attempt to place a second cable began. The effort was unsuccessful, but an improved cable was finally put in place in 1866. The enormous steamship Great Eastern, which had been a financial disaster as a passenger liner, was used to lay the cable. The second cable became operational in the summer of 1866. It proved to be reliable, and messages were soon passing between New York and London.   The success of the cable made Field a hero on both sides of the Atlantic. But bad business decisions following his great success helped tarnish his reputation  in the later decades of his life. Field became known as a big operator on Wall Street, and was associated with men considered robber barons, including Jay Gould and Russell Sage. He got into controversies over investments, and lost a great deal of money. He was never plunged into poverty, but in the last years of his life he was forced to sell off part of his large estate. When Field died on July 12, 1892, he was remembered as the man who had proven that communication was possible between continents.

GENESIS AND ANCIENT MYTHS OF THE NEAR EAST - 930 Words

When one approaches the biblical text, it is important to explore the cultural context in which the text occurs. With regard to the Book of Genesis, it is important to examine the writing with other contemporary works of similar geography and topics. The people of ancient Mesopotamia, where the oldest civilizations originated, produced a number of stories of creation and natural occurrences. It is important to note that many of the stories of the Sumerians, Akkadians and Hebrews began as oral traditions as the events they depict predate writing, so it is difficult to date these works on the basis of when these prehistoric myths were initiated. Comparison to writings contemporary to the people of Israel, can offer a deeper understanding of†¦show more content†¦Just as there existed beings outside of creation in the Enuma Elish, the Hebrew God was present prior to the formation of the world. As the universe becomes defined in the following stages, the development described in each of the stories show a resemblance in events and the order in which they occurred. It is important to note that light existed, in both stories, independent of celestial bodies. Next, in same order, the sky and ground are created, followed by â€Å"luminaries† or the sun, moon and stars. The fact that the sequence of the creation stories is nearly identical â€Å"can hardly be accidental† according to some scholars. Subsequently, man is created with elements of divinity, given the task â€Å"of working the soil†. At the conclusion of each creation story, the deities rest from their work. While it is necessary to refrain from â€Å"exaggerating the influence† found in these similarities, it is equally essential to remain open to the understanding that these works emerged â€Å"within a similar conceptual world†. Though many similarities in the creation stories of Genesis and the Enuma Elish, â€Å"the divergences are much more far-reaching and significant†. Unlike the gods of depicted in the Enuma Elish who were â€Å"coexistent and coeternal† with the â€Å"comic matter†, the Hebrew God is transcendent and separate from the substance of the cosmos, having Himself created it. While the Hebrew God exists in eternity past,Show MoreRelatedEssay on The Nature and Role of the Ocean in the Medieval Imagination1525 Words   |  7 Pagesthe medieval times, through oral tradition and through the writings of people like Homer. Another major factor influencing the medieval view of the ocean is the ideology of the Desert Fathers. The desert fathers were holy men that lived in the near east, who became disillusioned with the materialistic culture of the time and wandered out into the desert as hermits. They were seen as heroes in their time and were revered as wise men. 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Night World Daughters of Darkness Chapter 16 Free Essays

After that, things happened very fast, and at the same time with a dreamy slowness. Mary-Lynnette felt her arms grabbed from behind. Something was pulling her hands together-somethingstrong. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Daughters of Darkness Chapter 16 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then she felt the bite of cord on her wrists, and she realized what was happening. Tied up-I’m going to be helpless-I’ve got todosomething fast†¦. She fought, trying to wrench herself away, trying to kick. But it was already too late. Her hands were secure behind her back-and some part of her mind noted distantly that no wonder people on cop shows yell when they’re handcuffed. Ithurt. Her shoulders gave a shriek of agony as she was dragged backward up against a tree. â€Å"Stop fighting,† a voice snarled. A thick, distorted voice she didn’t recognize. She tried to see who it was, but the tree was in the way. â€Å"If you relax itwon’t hurt.† . Mary-Lynnette kept fighting, but it didn’t make any difference. She could feel the deeply furrowedbark of the tree against her hands and back-and now she couldn’t move. Oh, God, oh, God-1 can’t get away. Iwas alreadyweak from what Ash and I did-and now I can’t move at all. Then stop panicking andthink, her inner voice said fiercely. Use your brain instead of getting hysterical. Mary-Lynnette stopped struggling. She stood panting and tried to get control of her terror. â€Å"I told you. It only hurts when you fight. A lot of things are like that,† the voice said. Mary-Lynnette twisted her head and saw who it was. Her heart gave a sick lurch. She shouldn’t havebeen surprised, but she was-surprised and infi nitely disappointed. â€Å"Oh, Jeremy,† she whispered. Except that it was a different Jeremy than the one she knew. His face was the same, his hair, his clothes-but there was something weird about him, something powerful and scary and †¦unknowable. His eyes were as inhuman and flat as a shark’s. â€Å"I don’t want to hurt you,† he said in that distorted stranger’s voice. â€Å"I only tied you up because I didn’t want you to interfere.† Mary-Lynnette’s mind was registering different things in different layers. One part said, MyGod, he’s trying to be friendly, and another part said, Tointerferewith what? and a third part just kept saying Ash. She looked at Ash. He was lyingverystill, andMary-Lynnette’s wonderful new eyes that could seecolors in moonlight saw that his blond hair was slowly soaking with blood. On the ground beside himwas a club made of yew – made of the hard yellow sapwood. No wonder he was unconscious. But if he’s bleeding he’s not dead-oh, God, please,he can’tbe dead-Rowan said that only staking and burning kill vampires†¦. â€Å"I have to take dare of him,† Jeremy said. â€Å"And then I’ll let you go, I promise. Once I explain everything, you’ll understand.† Mary-Lynnette looked up from Ash to the strangerwith Jeremy’s face. With a shock, she realized what he meant by â€Å"take care of.† Three words that were just part of life to a hunterto a werewolf. So now I know about werewolves. They’re killers and I was right all along. I was right and Rowan was wrong. â€Å"It’ll only take a minute,† Jeremy said-and hislips drew back. Mary-Lynnette’s heart seemed to slam violently inside her chest. Because his lips went farther up than any human’s lips could. She could see his gums, whitish-pink. And she could see why his voice didn’t sound like Jeremy’s-it was his teeth. White teeth in the moonlight. The teeth from herdream. Vampire teeth were nothing compared to this. The incisors at the front were made for cutting fleshfrom prey, the canines were two inches long, the teeth behind them looked designed for slicing and shearing. Mary-Lynnette suddenly remembered-somethingVic Kimble’s father had said three years ago. He’d said that a wolf could snap off the tail of a full-grown cow clean as pruning shears. He’d been complaining that somebody had let a wolf-dog crossbreed looseand it was going after his cattle†¦. Except that of course it wasn’t a crossbreed, Mary-Lynnette thought. It was Jeremy. I saw him everyday at school-and then he must have gone hometo look like this. Tohunt. Just now, as he stood over Ash with his teeth all exposed and his chest heaving, Jeremy looked completely, quietly insane. â€Å"But why?† Mary-Lynnette burst out.†Whydo youwant to hurt him?† Jeremy looked up-and she got another shock. His eyes were different. Before she’d seen them flash white in the darkness. Now they had no whites at all. They were brown with large liquid pupils. Theeyes of an animal. So it doesn’t need to be a full moon, she thought. He can change anytime. â€Å"Don’t you know?† he said. â€Å"Doesn’t anybody understand?This ismy territory.† Oh.Oh †¦ So it was as simple as that. After all their brainstorming and arguing and detective work. In the end it was something as basic as an animal protectingits range. â€Å"For a hunting range, it is small,† Rowan had said. â€Å"They were taking my game,† Jeremy said. â€Å"My deer, my squirrels. They didn’t have any right to dothat. I tried to make them leave-but they wouldn’t.They stayed and they kept killing†¦.† He stopped talking-but a new sound came fromhim. It started out almost below the range of MaryLynnette’s hearing-but the deep rumbling of itstruck some primal chord of terror in her. It was asuncanny and inhuman as the danger-hum of an at tacking swarm of bees. Growling. He was growling. And it wasreal.The snarling growl a dog makes that tells you to turn and run. The sound it makes before it springs at yourthroat†¦. â€Å"Jeremy!† Mary-Lynnette screamed. She threwherself forward, ignoring the white blaze of pain in her shoulders. But the cord held. She was jerked back. And Jeremy fell on Ash, lunging down, head darting forward like a striking snake, like a biting dog, like every animal that kills with its teeth. Mary-Lynnette heard someone screaming â€Å"No!†and only later realized that it was her. She was fight ing with the cord, and she could feel stinging and wetness at her wrists. But she couldn’t get free andshe couldn’t stop seeing what was happening in frontof her. And all the time that eerie, vicious growling that reverberated in Mary-Lynnette’s own head and chest. That was when things went cold and dear. Some part of Mary-Lynnette that was stronger than the panic took over. It stepped back and looked at the entire scene by the roadside: the car, which was still burning, sending clouds of choking white smokewhenever the wind blew the right way; the limpfigure of Ash on the pine needles; the blur of snarling motion that was Jeremy. â€Å"Jeremy!† she said, and her throat hurt, but hervoice was calm-and commanding. â€Å"Jeremy-before you do that-don’t you want me tounderstand? You said that was what you wanted. Jeremy,help me understand.† For a long second she thought in dismay that it wasn’t going to work. That he couldn’t even hear her. But then his head lifted. She saw his face; she saw the blood on his chin. Don’t scream, don’t scream, Mary-Lynnette toldherself frantically. Don’t show any shock. You have to keep him talking, keep him away from Ash. Behind her back her hands were working automatically, as if trying to get out of ropes was something they’d always known how to do. The slick wetness actually helped. She could feel the cords slide a little. â€Å"Please help me understand,† she said again, breathless, but trying to hold Jeremy’s eyes. â€Å"I’m your friend-you know that. We go back a long way.† Jeremy’s whitish gums were streaked with red. He still had human features, but there was nothing at all human about that face. Now, though-slowly-his lips came down tocover his gums. He looked more like a person andless like an animal. And when he spoke, his voicewas distorted, but she could recognize it as Jere my’s voice. â€Å"We do go back,† he said. â€Å"I’ve watched you sincewe were kids-and I’ve seen you watching me.† Mary-Lynnette nodded.She couldn’tgetany words out. â€Å"I always figured that someday, when we wereolder-maybe we’d be together. I thought maybe I could make you understand. About me. About everything. I thought you were the one person who might not be afraid†¦.† â€Å"I’m not,† Mary-Lynnette said, and hoped hervoice wasn’t shaking too badly. She was saying it to a figure in a blood-spattered shirt crouching over a torn body like a beast still ready to attack. MaryLynnette didn’t dare look at Ash to see how badly hewas hurt. She kept her eyes locked on Jeremy’s. â€Å"And I think I can understand. You killed Mrs. Burdock, didn’t you? Because she was on your territory.† â€Å"Nother; † Jeremy said, and his voice was sharpwith impatience. â€Å"She was just an old lady-she didn’t hunt. I didn’t mind having her in my range. Ieven did things for her, like fixing her fence andporch for free†¦. And that’s when she told methey were coming. Those girls.† Just the way she told me, Mary-Lynnette thought, with dazed revelation. And he was there fixing the fence-of course. The way he does odd jobs for everybody. â€Å"I told her it wouldn’t work.† Mary-Lynnette couldhear it again-the beginnings of a snarling growl. Jeremy was tense and trembling, and she could feel her self start to tremble, too. â€Å"Three more hunters in thislittle place †¦ I told her, but she wouldn’t listen. She couldn’t see. So then I lost my temper.† Don’t look at Ash, don’t call attention to him, Mary-Lynnette thought desperately. Jeremy’s lips were drawing back again as if he needed something to attack. At the same time the distant part of hermind said, So that’s why he used a picket=Ash was right;it was an impulse of the moment. â€Å"Well, anybody can lose their temper,† she said, and even though her voice cracked and there were tears in her eyes, Jeremy seemed to calm a little. â€Å"Afterward, I thought maybe it was for the best,† he said, sounding tired. â€Å"I thought when the girls found her, they’d know they had to leave. I waited for them to do it. I’m good at waiting.† He was staring past her, into the woods. Heart pounding, Mary-Lynnette grabbed the opportunity todart a look at Ash. Oh, God, he’s not moving at all. And there’s so muchblood†¦.I’ve never seen so much blood†¦. She twisted her wrists back and forth, trying to find some give in the cords. â€Å"I watched, but they didn’t go away,† Jeremy said.Mary-Lynnette’s eyes jerked back to him. â€Å"Instead youcame. I heard Mark talking to Jade in the garden. She said she’d decided she was going to like it here. And then †¦ I got mad. I made a noise and they heard me.† His face was changing. The flesh was actually moving in front of Mary-Lynnette’s eyes. His cheekbones were broadening, his nose and mouth jutting. Hairwas creeping between his eyebrows, turning them into a straight bar. She couldsee individual coarse hairs sprouting, dark against pale skin. I’m going to be sick†¦. â€Å"What’s wrong, Mary-Lynnette?† He got up and she saw that his body was changing, too. It was stilla human body, but it was too thin-stretched out.As if it were just long bones and sinews. â€Å"Nothing’s wrong,† Mary-Lynnette got out in a whisper. She twisted violently at her cords-and felt one hand slide. That’s it. Now keep him distracted, keep him moving away from Ash†¦. â€Å"Go on,† she said breathlessly. â€Å"What happenedthen?† â€Å"I knew I had to send them a message. I cameback the next night for the goat-but you were there again. You ran away from me into the shed.† Hemoved closer again and the moonlight caught his eyes-and reflected. The pupils shone greenish-orange. Mary-Lynnette could only stare. That shadow in the clearing-those eyes I saw. Nota coyote.Him.He was following us everywhere. The very thought made her skin creep. But there was another thought that was worsethe picture of him killing the goat. Doing it carefully, methodically-as a message. That was why he didn’t eat the heart and liver,Mary-Lynnette realized. He didn’t kill it for foodit wasn’t a normal werewolf killing. And he’s not a normal werewolf. He wasn’t at all like what Rowan had described-a noble animal that hunted to eat. Instead he was †¦ a mad dog. Of all people,Ash had it right. Him and his jokes about rabies †¦ â€Å"You’re so beautiful, you know,† Jeremy said suddenly. â€Å"I’ve always thought that. I love your hair.† He was right in her face. She could see the individual pores in his skin with coarse hairs growing out of them. And she couldsmellhim-the feral smell ofa zoo. He reached out to touch her hair, and his handhad dark, thick fingernails. Mary-Lynnette could feelher eyes getting wider. Say something †¦say some thing †¦ don’t show you’re afraid. â€Å"You knew how Mrs. Burdock’s husband was killed,† she got out. â€Å"She told me a long time ago,† Jeremy said almost absently, still moving his fingers in her hair. He’d changed so much that his voice was getting hard to understand. â€Å"I used little sticks from my models †¦you know I make models. And a black iris forhim.Ash.† Jeremy said the name with pure hatred. â€Å"I saw him that day with his stupid T-shirt. The Black IrisClub . . . my uncle belonged to that once. Theytreated him like he was second-class.† His eyes were inches from Mary-Lynnette’s; she felt the brush of a fingernail on her ear. Suddenlyshe had the strength to give a violent wrench behind her back-and one hand came free. She froze, afraid that Jeremy would notice. â€Å"I threw the goat on the porch and ran,† Jeremysaid, almost crooning the words as he petted MaryLynnette. â€Å"I knew you were all in there. I was somad-I killed that horse and I kept running. I smashed the gas station window. I was going to bum it downbut then I decided to wait.† Yes,and yes, and yes, Mary-Lynnette thought, even as she carefully worked her other wrist free,even as she stared into Jeremy’s crazy eyes andsmelled his animal breath. Yes, of course it was youwe heard running away-and you didn’t fall into the hole in the porch because you knew it was there, because you were fixing it. And yes, you were the one who smashed the window-who else would hate the gas station but somebody who worked there? 0Her fingers eased the cord off her other wrist. She felt a surge of fierce triumph-but she controlled her expression and clenched her hands, trying to thinkof what to do. He was so strong and so quick †¦ if she just threw herself at him, she wouldn’t have a chance. â€Å"And today you all came to town together,† Jeremy said, finishing the story quietly, through a mouth so inhuman it was hard to believe it could speak English. â€Å"I heard the wayhe was talking toyou. I knew he wanted you-and he wanted to change you into one of them. I had to protect you from that.† Mary-Lynnette said almost steadily, â€Å"I knew youwanted to protect me. I could tell, Jeremy.† She was feeling over the furrowed hemlock bark behind her.How could she attack him when she didn’t even have a stick for a weapon? And even if shehad,wood was no good. He wasn’t a vampire. Jeremy stepped back. Relief washed over Mary-Lynnette-for one second. Then she saw with horror that he was plucking at his shirt, pulling it off. And underneath †¦there was no skin. Instead there was hair. A pelt that twitched and shivered in the night air. â€Å"I followed you here and I fixed your car so you couldn’t leave,† Jeremy said. â€Å"I heard you say youwanted to be a vampire.† â€Å"Jeremy-that was justtalk†¦.† He went on as if she hadn’t spoken. â€Å"But that was a mistake. Werewolves are much better. You’ll understand when I show you. The moon looks so beautiful when you’re a wolf.† Oh,Godand so that was what he meant by pro tecting her, by making her understand. He meant changing her into something like him. I need a weapon. Rowan had said silver was harmful to werewolves,so the old silver-bullet legend must be true. But she didn’t haveasilver bullet. Or even a silver dagger †¦ A silver dagger†¦ a silverknife †¦ Behind Jeremy the station wagon was almost invisible in the clouds of smoke. And by now the smoke had the red glow of uncontrolled fire. It’s too dangerous, Mary-Lynnette thought. It’sabout to go. I’d never make it in and out†¦. Jeremy was still talking, his voice savage now.†You won’t miss the Night World. All their stupid restrictions-no killing humans, no hunting too often. Nobody tells me how to hunt. My uncle tried,but I took care of him-â€Å" Suddenly the creature-it wasn’t really a personanymore-broke off and turned sharply. Mary-Lynnette saw its lips go back again, saw its teeth parted and ready to bite. In the same instant she sawwhy-Ash was moving. Sitting up, even though his throat was cut. Lookingaround dazedly. He saw Mary-Lynnette, and his eyes seemed to focus. Then he looked at the thing Jeremy had become. â€Å"You-get away from herl† he shouted in a voiceMary-Lynnette had never heard before. A voice filledwith deadly fury. Mary-Lynnette could see himchange position in a swift, graceful motion, gathering his muscles under him to jump But the werewolf jumped first. Springing like ananimal-except that Jeremy still had arms, and onehand went for the yew club. The club smashed sideways into Ash’s head and knocked him flat. And then it fell, bouncing away on the carpet of needles. The werewolf didn’t need it-it was baring itsteeth. It was going to tear Ash’s throat out, like the horse, like the hiker †¦ Mary-Lynnette was running. Not toward Ash. She couldn’t help him barehanded. She ran toward the car, into the clouds of choking smoke. Oh, God, it’s hot. Please let me just get there†¦. She could feel the heat on her cheeks, on her arms. She remembered something from an elementary school safety class and dropped to her knees, scrambling and crawling where the air was cooler. And then she heard the sound behind her. The most eerie sound there is-a wolf howling. It knows what I’m doing. It’s seen that knife everytime I pry off my gas cap. It’s going to stop me†¦. She threw herself blindly into the smoke and heat,and reached the car. Orange flames were shooting crazily from the engine, and the door handle burnedher hand when she touched it. She fumbled, wrenching at it. Open,open†¦ The door swung out. Hot air blasted around her. If she’d been completely human she wouldn’t havebeen able to stand it. But she’d exchanged blood withfour vampires in two days, and she wasn’t completely human anymore. She wasn’t Mary-Lynnette any more †¦but was she capable of killing? Flames were licking up beneath the dashboard. Shegroped over smoking vinyl and shoved a hand under the driver’s seat. Find it! Find it! Her fingers touched metal-the knife. The silverfruit knife with the Victorian scrolling that she’d borrowed from Mrs. Burdock. It was very hot. Her handdosed on it, and she pulled it from under the seatand turned †¦ just as something came flying at her from behind. The turning was instinctive-she had to face whatwas attacking her. But what she would always know afterward was that she could have turned withoutpointing theknife at what was attacking her. There was a moment in which she could have slanted it backward or toward the ground or toward herself. And if she’d been the Mary-Lynnette of the old days,she might have done that. She didn’t. The knife faced outward. Toward the shape jumping at her. And when the thing landed on top of her she felt impact in her wrist and all theway up her arm. The distant part of her mind said, It went in cleanlybetween the ribs†¦. And then everything was very confused. Mary-Lynnette felt teeth in her hair, snapping for her neck. She felt claws scratching at her, leaving welts on her arms. The thing attacking her was hairy and heavy and it wasn’t a person or even a half-person. It was a large, snarling wolf. She was still holding the knife, but it was hard to keep her grip on it. It jerked around, twisting her wrist in an impossible direction. It was buried in the wolf’s chest. For just an instant, as the thing pulled away, she got a good look at it. A beautiful animal. Sleek and handsome, but withcrazy eyes. It was trying to kill her with its last panting breath. Oh, God, you hate me, don’t you? I’ve chosen Ashover you; I’ve hurt you with silver. And now you’re dying. You must feel so betrayed†¦. Mary-Lynnette began to shake violently. She couldn’t do this anymore. She let go of the knife and pushed and kicked at the wolf with her arms andlegs. Half scrambling and half scooting on her back, she managed to get a few feet away. The wolf stood silhouetted against a background of fire. She couldsee it gather itself for one last spring at her There was a very soft, contained poof. The entirecar lurched like something in agony-and then the fireball was everywhere. Mary-Lynnette cringed against the ground, halfblinded, but she had to watch. So that’s what it looks like. A car going up inflames. Not the kind of big explosion you hear in the movies. Justa poof. And then just the fire, going up and up. The heat drove her away, still crawling, but she couldn’t stop looking. Orange flames. That was allher station wagon was now. Orange flames shooting every which way out of a metal skeleton on tires. The wolf didn’t come out of the flames. Mary-Lynnette sat up. Smoke was in her throat,and when she tried to yell â€Å"Jeremyl† it came out as a hoarse croak. The wolf still didn’t come out. And no wonder, with a silver knife in its chest and fire all around it. Mary-Lynnette sat, arms wrapped around herself,and watched the car bum. He would have killed me. Like any good hunter. I had to defend myself, I had to save Ash. And thegirls †¦ he would have killed all of them. And thenhe’d have killed more people like that hiker†¦. He was crazy and completelyevil, because he’d do anything to get what he wanted. And she’d seen it from the beginning. Somethingunder that â€Å"nice guy† exterior-she’d seen it over and over, but she’d kept letting herself get convinced it wasn’t there. She should have trusted her feelingsin the first place. When she’d realized that she’dsolved the mystery of Jeremy Lovett and that it wasn’t a happy ending. She was shaking but she couldn’t cry. The fire roared on. Tiny sparks showered upward. I don’t care if it was justified. It wasn’t like killingin my dream. It wasn’t easy and it wasn’t naturaland I’ll never forget the way he looked at me†¦. Then she thought,Ash. She’d been so paralyzed she’d almost forgotten him. Now she turned around, almost too frightened to look. She made herself crawl over to where he was still lying. So much blood†¦ how can he be all right? But if he’s dead †¦ if it’s all been for nothing †¦ But Ash was breathing. And when she touched hisface, trying to find a clean place in the blood, he moved. He stirred, then he tried to sit up. â€Å"Stay there.† Jeremy’s shirt and jeans were on the ground. Mary-Lynnette picked up the shirt and dabbed at Ash’s neck. â€Å"Ash, keep still†¦.† He tried to sit up again. â€Å"Don’t worry. I’ll protectyou.† â€Å"Lie down,† Mary-Lynnette said. When he didn’t, she pushed at him. â€Å"There’s nothing to do. He’s dead.† He sank back, eyes shutting. â€Å"Did I kill him?† Mary-Lynnette made a choked sound that wasn’t exactly a laugh. She was trembling with relief-Ash could breathe and talk, and he even sounded like hisnormal fatuous self. She’d had no idea how good thatcould sound. And underneath the swabbing shirt she could see that his neck was already healing. Whathad been gashes were becoming flat pink scars. Vampire flesh was incredible. Ash swallowed. â€Å"You didn’t answer my question.† â€Å"No. You didn’t kill him. I did.† His eyes opened. They just looked at each other for a moment. And in that moment Mary-Lynnette knew they were both realizing a lot of things. Then Ash said, â€Å"I’m sorry,† and his voice had never been less fatuous. He pushed the shirt awayand sat up. â€Å"I’m so sorry.† She didn’t know who reached first, but they were holding each other. And Mary-Lynnette was thinking about hunters and danger and laughing at death. About all the things it meant to really belong to the night. And about how she would never look in the mirror and see the same person she used to see. â€Å"At least it’s over now,† Ash said. She could feel his arms around her, his warmth and solidity, his support. â€Å"There won’t be any more killings. It’s over.† It was, and so were a lot of other things. The first sob was hard to get out. So hard thatshe’d have thought there would be a pause beforethe next-but, no. There was no pause between that one and the next, or the next or the next. She cried for a long time. And the fire burned itself out and the sparks flew upward and Ash held her all the while. How to cite Night World : Daughters of Darkness Chapter 16, Essay examples

Deployment of Mobile Device Technology †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Deployment of Mobile Device Technology. Answer: Introduction Most organizations have refrained from managing their information and data manually. Through information systems adoption, companies are now able to utilize comprehensive and advanced databases that contains all required information of the organization. Information system evaluate, update and stores all organizations information which is later used to pinpoint current or future problems solution. In addition, integration of data from various sources, outside and inside the organization ca be enhanced through this system. As such, the company stays updated with the external risks and opportunities and internal performance. This report outlines functions of information systems, business processes and transaction cycle, mapping and documentation of information system, acquisition and deployment of information system, and ethical issues related to information system. Decision making- the sufficiency of strategic plan determines the success of an organization in the long run. Information system is used by the organization management team in formulation of strategic plans and decision making that enhance prosperity and longevity of the organization. Information system is also used by the business in information evaluation from all sources external references like Bloomberg and Reuters included which offer information on the overall economy. This assessment and market trends comparison aids the company in analyzing the quality and sufficiency of strategic plans. (Swanson, Swanson, Bowen, Phillips, Gallup, Lynes, 2010). Business Processes- development of bigger number of systems that are value added in the organization is enhanced through the use Information systems. For instance, an organization can combine manufacturing cycle with the information systems to make sure that the results produced matches with the needs of the several standards of quality management. Acquisition of information systems makes business process simple and eliminates unnecessary operations. Through information systems employees processes are added controls making sure that operation of specific tasks is done only by users with applicable right. In addition, information systems increase accuracy and removes tasks that are repetitive permitting employees to focus on functions that are of high level. Implementation and better project planning through efficient management is enhanced through the use of information system. (Gelinas, Dull, 2010) Business process A business process is a sequence of steps carried out by stakeholders group to obtain a concrete objective. Multiple users repeat these steps severally in an optimized and standardized way. A business process can either be automatic or manual. When processes are done manually, there is no use of assisting technology. Automatic processes on the other hand is when technology is used to help users in implementing operations in a standardized and accurate manner. A business process is seen as a flowchart of logical steps.This method is formalized by Business Process Management(BPM). (Draheim, 2010). The following are some types of business process; Manufacturing this is a corrective maintenance, product assembly, and a quality assurance process. Finance this is a risk management, invoicing, and a billing process. Health this is a medical evaluation and drug approval process Bankingthis is a client on-boarding and credit check process. Travel this is a trip booking, and agent billing process Defense this is a situation room and emergency management process HR this is a vacation request, leavers and starters process Public Sectorthis is a process that deals with government service application Compliance this is a safety audit, and a legal check process Transaction Cycles The following are some the transactions cycle that exist in all kinds of businesses: the conversion cycle, the expenditure cycle, and the revenue cycle. These cycles are present in both profit and non-profit organizations. For example, every organization is subjected to expenditures for the sake of obtaining resources (expenditure cycle). Businesses offers value added through its services or products (conversion cycle). Revenue is received from outside sources by the company (revenue cycle). (Oliver, 2012). The Figure above demonstrates the cycles relationship and the flow of resource between them. The Expenditure Cycle- this is where organization operations begin with materials, labor and property acquisition in exchange for money. Several transactions of expenditure depend on credit relationship between parties of trading. After goods and services receipt is issued, the actual cash disbursement occurs. Between this two occurrence, several weeks or days may pass by. As such this transaction displays two parts, that is financial and physical component. A different subsystem cycle processes every component. This cycle results to purchases and disbursement of cash systems. Purchases systems identifies the necessity of acquiring physical inventory like raw materials and does placement of an order with the supplier. Purchase systems write down the event when the goods are obtained by establishing purchases and increasing inventory to be accounted for at a later date. (Kartseva, 2008). Cash disbursements system distributes the funds and perform transactions recording after the responsibility generated by purchase system is ready. Cash distribution system authorizes payment by minimizing cash and purchases accounts. Collection of data of labor usage, computation of the payroll and payment disbursements to the employees is done by payroll system. Payroll is a unique case cash disbursement and purchase system. Most organizations possess a different payroll processing system due to existence of accounting complexities. (Gupta, 2011). Acquisition, disposal and maintenance transactions of fixed assets are processed by fixed asset system. This items are permanent and represent largest financial investment of an organization. Examples of these assets include; motor vehicles, land, machinery, buildings, and furniture. The Conversion Cycle- cost accounting and production system are the two major subsystem in conversion cycle. Production systems consist of control, planning and scheduling physical goods through the process of manufacturing. This involves determining the requirements of raw materials, authorizing performance of activities, releasing raw materials into production, and instructing on the work-in-process direction through various manufacturing stages. The cost accounting systems on the other hand manages cost information flows associated to production. Information produced by this system helps in performance reporting, inventory valuation, cost control, budgeting and management decisions like buy or make decisions. (Goyal, 2014) Formal conversion cycle helps manufacturing organizations in converting raw materials into finished goods. Although this cycle is not formal, service observant and establishments in retails, organizations still engage in its operations that enhance culmination of salable goods and service development. These operations include; products and services readying and resources allocation like prepaid expenses, depreciation and building amortization to the appropriate accounting time. Merchandizing organizations however, do not use subsystem of conversion cycle to process their operations. (Weske, 2012). The Revenue Cycle- this cycle helps organizations sell their finished products to clients. It involves receipt, cash and credit sales processing. Sales order and cash receipts processing are the physical and financial component of transactions of revenue cycle that are separately processed. Sales order processing- most sales of business are created on credit and consist of duties like transaction recording in the accounts, preparing orders of sales, billing customers, granting credit, and products shipping to the client. Cash receipts- days and weeks passes between sale and cash receipt point. Processing of cash receipts include; cash collection, cash depositing in the bank, and writing down these occurrences in the accounts. (Harmon, 2007). Mapping information system Decision support system- decision making is enhanced through working and evaluating data that can create data techniques and projection of statistics. This system does not replace judgement of the manager, instead it supports it while enhancing quality improvement of his or her decision. Transaction processing systems- these systems offers a way of collection, processing, storage, modification displays or transaction cancellation. Multiple transaction in these systems occurs simultaneously. Data collected is kept in the databases which is later used in production of reports like check registers, billings, schedules, wages, manufacturing, inventory and summaries. (Sample, Ioup, 2010) Information systems in organization-these systems involves collection, storage and processing of data that gives the usefulness and accuracy of the information to the organization. Information systems involves information gathering from machines and individuals that receive data, enhance its processing, output it and then store. It also involves networks that sent and collect data and the processes that controls how data is managed. (Waldron, 2014) Management information systems-these system utilizes the data received from transaction processing systems and generate reports used in making business decisions by managers to solve problems. Some of the reports created by these information systems include; ad hoc, summary and exception reports. This help to increase the effectiveness of managerial operations. Neutral networks and expert systems- an expert system also referred to as knowledge-based system is a system of a computer that is structured to evaluate data and generate recommendations, controlled decisions and diagnosis. A neutral system on the other hand, uses computers to nurture information processing, learning and remembrance through a human being brains. (In Brocke, In Rosemann, 2014). Documenting Information System The goal of documenting information system is to help users to analyze, understand, explain and improve internal controls, business processes and information systems that are complex. It also helps in personnel training. (Information Resources Management Association, 2011). Data flow diagram this is a system graphicalrepresentation. It shows components of a system; flow of data among the components; and the data sources, storage and destinations. Data flow Diagram Symbols- the following are some diagram that shows data flow; Bubble symbol this shows an entity within which flows of data that is incoming are completely changed into outgoing flows of data. Acquisition of information system External Sources- organizations may decide to obtain a system buying a proprietary package from a supplier under a license and have the system personalized either internally or externally by the suppliers or any other outsider contractor. Enterprise system are normally bought in this way. Another option is to redistribute application of an open source which has a free program code and is open for modification under distinct kinds of license that forces application openness in perpetuity. In general, usage cost of software of the open source involves technical support from unique suppliers. (Camenisch, Fischer-Hu?bner, Murayama, Portmann, Rieder, 2011). Internal information systems development- life cycle or rapid application development is used by a company to develop information system internally. Same techniques are used by vendors of the system which requires to offer customized and more general system. Systems of large organization like enterprise systems are normally created and controlled through a process that is systematic referred to as system life cycle. This system involves six stages; system design, feasibility study, programming and testing, installation, system analysis, and operation and maintenance. The five stages that is feasibility study, system design, installation, system analysis and programming and testing are used in system development and the last stage which is operation and maintenance is the exploitation of the long term. In regard to the usage period, information system may be upgraded or phased out. A system enters another life cycle development in case there is need of a major upgrade. The diagram bel ow shows the six stages; Deployment of information system Identifying and understanding deployment audience. Some of the unique groups that should be considered include; operation staffs who run the software, end users and the support staff who aid users with the system. The level of management over the actual deployment of each group should be identified. (Gelinas, 2014). Identifying deployment strategy early- the organization should determine whether the system is executed parallel with the current system or will a cutover be carried out. Executing the system with parallel provides the benefits of backing out to the old system if the new one gets some challenges. However, parallel activities need great effort from all involved individuals. Cutover is used mainly by organizations supporting online clients Installation testing. Installation scripts should be tested. The best method is to build installation scripts as the system is being developed and use them in promoting software between sandbox that the team is integrating into pre-production testing areas. The diagram below shows the installation testing. (Beynon-Davies, 2013) Release regularly- development releases are delivered by developers of Agile software into areas of pre-production staging at the end of every iteration. Development release of a software is something delivered into production if it goes through quality assurance of pre-production, process of deployment and testing. (Khosrow-Pour, 2009). Start planning early. In order to be successful planning early is required as deployment process can be complex, especially when there is a variety of configurations in the system or if the user is physically distributed. Acknowledge deployment is harder than it seems- several operations should be considered before system is deployed into production. Planning of an agile strategy should be enhanced. Plans should be kept at high level first targeting on the main dependencies.(National Research Council, 2010). Reduce efforts of pre-production testing safely with time - amount of time taken in pre-production testing efforts can be minimized by agility, thus increasing the speed of deployment. Agility offers artifacts of high quality and consists of suite of regression test to show that the system is functioning well. Deployment is easier if software are Well-tested organization must performObject-oriented testing even if it is a difficult and complex endeavor. Testing should be done early and more often. reflection of organizational culture through planning- the organization should determine the individuals whom the system is deployed to, their daily roles and policies, willingness to tolerate the amount of change to be enhanced, and the impact of the system once deployed. (Wiley, 2017). EB ay, google and Facebook are among the businesses that have become successful through the use of information systems. However, inappropriate use of information system can generate issues for the employees and companies. Loss of finances to individuals or financial institute can occur due access gained by criminals to information of the credit card. Lawsuits and business loss can occur if individuals post improper details on twitter or Facebook using organizations account. (Schweiger, 2011). Cyber-crime- this is committing crimes using information systems. Cyber can start simply with annoying users of computer, then progress to losses of huge finances, and maybe cause loss of life. Some of things that have led to cyber-crime growth are smartphones and other high-end mobile machines growth. Types of cyber-crimes include; Identity theft- this is where malfunction is practiced by a criminal through impersonating identity of someone else. Cyber-criminals access someone else personal identity. Content used in such crimes involves passport numbers, social security numbers, debit and credit card numbers, and date of birth among others. Information obtained by these criminals is used to make orders online by pretending to be the person that owns the account. Acquisition of personal data is done through phishing. Phishing is generation of websites that are fake and similar to emails or business websites that are legitimate. (Wang, Wang, 2012) For instance, the user may be tricked to updates details through a request to verify personal details such as passwords and contact number from an email that pretend to come from GMAIL. As such the criminal gains access to victims personal details. The attacker can transfer funds or make online orders if the victim uses services of PayPal. Other techniques of phishing include use of WI-FI hotspots that are fake but similar to legitimate ones. This commonly happens in airports and restaurants. If the user fails to suspect and logs in to the network then attackers may attempt gaining access to information that is sensitive like credit card numbers, usernames and passwords. Copyright infringement- also known as piracy is the use of materials that are copyrighted without authority. It is one of the largest challenge with digital goods. Distribution of materials that are copyrighted like audio, software and audio are done using websites like pirate bay. (Hercheui, 2012). Click fraud- organizations like Google AdSense advertises services where pay per click is offered. Click fraud happens when the user clicks a link with the intentions of making money but not gaining knowledge of information. This can also happen through the use of software that are automated which create those links. Advance Fee Fraud- the targeted victim receives an email that request them to demand the attackers inheritance money and in return they are promised huge amounts of money. Attackers pretend to be related with dead relatives and claims to be entitled to wealth inheritance and requires assistance in claiming it. The criminal will sometimes request for financial assistance and ascertains to reward later. If the victims fall to the trick and transfers the money to the scammer, he or she loses the cash. (Greene, 2013) Hacking- this is where security is by-passed to gain system access without authority. Attackers can do anything they feel like once they gain that access. Some of the operations carried out when hacking occurs are; installation of applications that permits attackers to monitor the user or manage their system remotely. (Kizza, 2010) Deface websites- this is stealing information that is sensitive. This can be performed using methods like injection of SQL, vulnerabilities exploitation in the database program to gain access, techniques of social engineering that make users submit passwords and ids. Conclusion In conclusion information system is associated with several advantages which include; communication becomes cheaper, much effective and quicker, elimination of geographical, cultural, and linguistic boundaries is enhanced, most business are now available 24/7, facilitates creation of new jobs, and it enhances productivity and cost effectiveness. However, adoption of information system in the organization is also associated with some disadvantages which include; lack of job security and unemployment since these systems replaces the roles of individuals in the firm, implementation of information system is expensive, there are security issues where attackers access someone else personal details, and it is argued that dominating culture like USA influences others on some things like dressing, and behavior. Efficiency through the use of information systems in an organization is enhanced. Information system continues to grow overtime and have improved largely the quality of life. Most organizations such as health centers has benefited through the use of new information system. Recommendations Considerations-Implementation of information systems within a company can be expensive. Cost of implementation involves system installations and sessions of employee training. Working staff may think of system adoption as unreasonable change and so resisting it. resistance can lead to turnover of employee and cause hindrances in business activities. Organizations should ensure that leadership is in place to evaluate decision adequacy in obtaining information system and provide guidance through the phase of transition in the company and compare the cost of information system against its benefits. References Beynon-Davies, P. (2013).Business information systems. Houndmills, Basingstoke ; New York : Palgrave Macmillan Camenisch, J. L., Fischer-Hu?bner, S., Murayama, Y., Portmann, A., Rieder, C., (2011).Future challenges in security and privacy for academia and industry: Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. Draheim, D. (2010).Business process technology: A unified view on business processes, workflows and enterprise applications. Heidelberg: Springer. Gelinas, U. J. (2014).Accounting information systems. Australia : South-Western Gelinas, U. J., Dull, R. B. 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